Jul
18
Lateral ties are added in the same manner, as shown in Figure 6 fall-front chest of drawers .9 followed by diagonal ties in both directions pre 1940 contemporary mohagany credenza, chian cabinet . The last twine crossing the spring centers should be knotted to all other twines to prevent wear 18th century console painted . In addition, wherever twines cross each other, they should be knotted 18th century tripod tables photos . Care must be exercised that successive tyings do not compress individual springs, or rows of springs, lower than others davenport captains desk .
FiG wedgwood “keith murray” grey slip ivory dinnerware . 6 spanish revival walnut console table .9 paint george speight . Fastening outside springs antique dragon carpets .
Covering the springs antique table with small mirror . To cover the springs burlap is tacked to the wooden frame along folded edges antique michael thonet chairs . It is pulled just tight enough to prevent depressing the springs italy spoons that might be antiques . To keep it in position it should be sewed to the springs with large stitches by means of a 6-in louis xiv reproduction clock . curved upholstery needle, each spring being looped in three places scotish chest of drawers .
Forming the hard edge silver tray with food . If tow is used as stuffing, about 5 lb 19th c four pedistal dinning table . should be worked down so that it extends at least 3 in maggiolini style inlaid furniture . over the edges of the seat frame majorca porcelain japan . Whatever the type of stuffing used, it should be at least r in antique console dresser . thick and extend over the edges far enough to compress into a fairly hard roll of 3- to 4-in collectors guide to antique console . diameter empire period fashion . The stuffing is covered with a piece of light burlap large enough to be slip-tacked onto the frame while it is being stitched through the stuffing to the lower burlap covering sideboard examples . A straight needle is thrust up and own through both layers of burlap, making stitches about 3 in turned legs on pembroke tables . long just outside the outer springs draw leaf dining room tables . After the four sides are sewed and the stitches are pulled tight, a few irregular stitches are taken in the center, to compact the seat curved walnut dining chair .
To make the roll, the slip-tacks are removed and the burlap permanently retacked higher up on the frame, so that it can be rolled under the stuffing, which extends out over the frame india epergne . The tacking should be started in the center of all four sides, be worked toward the corners, which can be thinned out if they become too full early 19th century furniture .
The actual process of forming the roll edge consists of a series of stitches that gradually lift and compress the roll as the stitching gets closer together for sale antique pedestal candle table 3 legs brass claw feet . Whether a straight or curved needle is used depends upon personal preference; it is inserted at a left-hand corner, for example, about 13/2 in talavera de la reina toledo pots sale . above the row of Stitching a hard edge antique brass table with animal legs .
tacks, and pushed under the roll to emerge about i in antique redware kendi . inside the row of stitchin that holds the two burlap layers together signed english art deco antique glass cabinets . The needle is then reinserted fro> i to 13/2 in carl thieme at potschappel figures . to the right and returned, so as to emerge to the right of its poi> of initial entrance at the front circular antique library steps . Many workers content themselves with loopin drop leaf table wall semi circle . the twine over the point of the needle before it is pulled through this secon-1 stick, in order to lock it; others prefer to tie a slip knot 1800s dining table for sale antique civil war . In any event, the twin must be pulled tight as the stitching proceeds around the four sides at eve As the work progresses the filling should be regulated, when necessary, with the icepick nantgarw porcelain .
As illustrated in Figure 6 early american fall front desk .ro, a second row of stitches is sewed about 1/, in antique hepplewhite sofa . inside the first row, followed by a third row and if necessary, a fourth row, until the roll has been lifted and compacted to about a %-in harlequin louis xv chest french . diameter antique french empire wine coolers silver .
Fie antique compo motif furniture . 6 giuseppe maggiolini .12 gateleg table vintage . Reupholstering will save such chairs as
this one 18th century style dressing tables .
Double stuffing antique table trestle . After the hard-edge roll has been stitched, a second layer of stuffing, such as moss or curled hair, is fluffed out and evenly distributed over the burlap covering to such an extent that when it is pressed down by the palm of the hand the springs cannot be felt “william hall” furniture glasgow . Over this a layer of thin burlap is tacked in place and the stuffing regulated if necessary 1700 french porcelain, images . Long, irregular stitches through
Long, through burlap will prevent this second layer of stuffing from shifting furniture .
Final padding 1815 drop leaf gateleg table . A layer of cotton batting with its edges feathered out so that they will blend with the contour is covered with muslin tacked to the frame urn cutlery box . Since this is the last layer under the outer fabric, it should be smoothed down carefully to prevent lumps or irregularities neoclassical regency furniture period .
Cheaper grades of furniture omit one or more of the operations described in the preceding paragraphs fibreglass furniture 1960 collectable . A careful worker can often achieve highly satisfactory results with thicker stuffing and fewer layers of burlap antique drop leaf gate leg side table . If time and expense are
C, limiting factors, the amateur upholsterer can dispense with such operations as th- situation demands escritoire antique .
Fabric covering 1700 to 1800 longcase movements . The final fabric is applied much as the muslin liner exce that it is tacked under the lower edges of the frame, and folded carefully so th minaret designer . it can be “blind-stitched” at the corners 1920’s art deco ceramics earthenware . Blind stitching is employed in upholster wherever hand sewing must be concealed iron garden kidney bench . With the knotted end of the threw hidden inside the lap or seam, the basic stitch is a simple one of medium siz which runs parallel to the seam, alternating on opposite sides as illustrated i Fig antique sideboard cabinet 8 feet high with glass . 6 antique tea table carved japanese .11 empirefurniture . Starting at the top on the right-hand side, for example, the need>- is thrust down parallel to the lap for about 1/, in 1700 to 1800 longcase movements ., and when it is pulled out
is inserted directly across to the material on the opposite side, where it is thrust down for another parallel stitch, and so on antique half round side table mermaid . When edges are turned in and t thread is pulled tightly the seam will be closed and the stitching invisible english bristol teapots .
A Spring Edge square drop leaf tea table with gated legs . Large pieces of upholstered furniture whose edges are su jest to considerable wear employ what is known as a spring or wire edge aroun I the front and sides of their spring seats vizagapatnam furniture antique . The spring-edge (or No antique dining table mahogany draw leaf 1920 . 8 galvanized) wire is carefully bent to fit the three outside edges of the wooden frame, wit the free ends bent downward to protect the stuffing edwards and roberts tripod table . The springs are fastened their base as previously described cabriole leg pattern . The wire-edge upper frame is fastened to tl outer edges of the outside springs with windings of stitching twine, or with speci• I metal clips that can be closed with pliers barley twist desk 19c .
FiG bronze decorative lamps. jugend style . 6 19th century lobmeyr glass .13 islamic arts ivory inlaid wood cabinet . Tying a spring edge antique square to round drop leaf table .
In this type of edge the rims of the top coils of the outer springs overha g the wooden frame so that they are flush with its outer edges wood dining table turn plate . To retain t s position they must remain horizontal, thus necessitating a slight variation in the final tying operation art deco brass smoking stands . As will be noticed in Figure 6 how do you tell a reproduction staffordshire figure from an antique .13, the twine is brought down through the center of an outside spring as before, but is tied to a second or third outer loop of the spring (depending upon its height) before it is looped around a tack in the frame jockey cap caddy spoons . It is then carried up and tied to the outer spring edge as a brace, without the wire-bound edge being lowered antique mahogany drum tables library tables writing tables . In large upholstered pieces the tying cord is often dropped through the center of the next to the outer spring and knotted to its second coil, then carried across and knotted to the third coil of the outer spring in a long diagonal to its anchoring tack antique wales footed dessert platter . In spring-edge tying, care must be exercised that all springs are maintained at an equal height, including the wired edges of the outer rows of springs turn of the century antique oak draw leaf table .
Stitched edge king louis xv furniture . Burlap is sewed to the springs and tacked tightly to the frame as before, without compression antique scottish chest of drawers oak . A layer of stuffing is then covered with a piece of burlap that laps the previous piece by a good 6 or 8 in imperial,gate leg table . This is sewed to the lower burlap through the stuffing about 3 in jupe dining table . from the wire edge antique tureens . Instead of this second layer being tacked, a roll of stuffing 3 to 4 in how to antique paint a fluted column . in diameter is tucked under its loose edge, which is then sewed to the wire edge to form a fairly hard roll antique chinese ivory inlaid cabinet . The hard edge is then formed by successive stitches as previously described, followed by the same procedures in covering antique pembroke table, floral inlay design .Rolled Corner
Sponge Rubber table paw feet antique . Sponge rubber is a popular modern padding that is easily
M
applied cylindrical crock eared handles cobalt blue . For the bathroom stool described in Chapter 2 (page 170), a piece of
,-in louis 16th style furniture . plywood set on cleats within the recess formed by the rails serves as the
base, ventilated by a series of holes, staggered so as not to weaken the plywood 17th century spanish chair .
The i-in empir clock . thick Latex sponge rubber is easily cut with scissors, the cardboard
template that served as a guide in cutting the plywood base being used “collecting cowan pottery” . It is
good practice to tack in a layer of burlap before the first layer of rubber is in-
serted antique federal wardrobe . To give a crown to the seat, a smaller slab can be sliced about ‘/ meuble style ._, in pennsylvania house antique furniture prices . thick
and its edges feathered with the scissors art deco chair design with leg of lion . This is fastened to the center of the
lower slab with rubber cement, then a top slab, also i in reproductions eagles pediments . thick and 1/2 in antique marble coffee table cabriole legs . larger than the top of the frame, can be cemented in place rene prou chairs . After the cement has dried the top slab should be trimmed to fit, and its edges rounded with the scissors french charles x commodes .
Vinyl-plastic materials such as Koroseal come with a fabric backing suitable for application to the stool top, directly over the rubber comtoise clocks longcase . Since these materials should not be stretched too tightly, plenty of width must be allowed on all four sides, the edges being slip-tacked under the lower edges of the rails during the fitting 1700’s tilt top bird cage tea table .
For final tacking, the edges are folded under Y2 in old oak dressers with the middle open . and upholstery tacks
in at regular intervals about Ys in antique oyster pattern veneerd boxes . from the fold, as shown in Figure 7JA If a nonmarring, plastic hammer is n t available as in b, adhesive tape call be stretched across the hammer head to prc test the upholstery nails lacquer tray round antique black . The corners cf the fabric are rolled rather than sharpl~ folded, to prevent wear 18th century german drinking glasses .
Upholstering Loose Cushions regency greek furniture by thomas hope . Th~
maple arm chair described in Chapter 3
(page iii) makes use of the popular loose cushions as upholstery for it-, seat and back william kent eagle console . Although cushions of this type containing only down, cotton, or kapok will give good service, the inclusion of an innerspring mat will insure greater comfort
at slight additional cost neoclassical dressing table . These spring mats are procurable from all upholsterer in sizes varying from 15 in winthrop china cabinet . by 15 in antique roll-top desk c roll 1 drawer spindle leg . to 22Y2 in ancient gothic furniture . by 25 in antique red stoneware spittoon . and are not difficult of insertion english nickel plated silver candelabra .
Casings pennsylvania house chinese chippendale dining table . Cushion casings can be machine-sewed from a top and bottom piece attached with welting to a one-piece side Land or border english silversmith marks 18th century . After the over-all size of the cushion has been determined and the proper sized spring mat procured (2 in spanish lustreware marks . being allowed for the cotton batting covering on the top,bottom, and sides), the top
and bottom pieces of the cushion casing are
cut, with all allowance of /z in rectangular side flaps 8 fluted legs louis xvi dropleaf gate leg . all around
for 1- :17 of the —
or the seams antique vienna porcelain vases . The width 0 band should include an allowance of i in unique or antiquedressing mirror . on either side for the welt cord and seams english campaign furniture .
The welt cord can be sewed to the casing edges on a sewing machine equipped with a standard half foot antique centre table with caryatid legs . and call be sewed in one operation to square corners being made silver neoclassicism english . The French seam a second seam and is not illustrated cire perdue lalique enamel . The back
Stuffing box renaissance revival buffet . Variously known as a cushion filler or loading, ramming, or packing box, the stuffing box is a simple jig usually made of sheet metal for production work chippendale knife boxes octagon . A satisfactory box for ionic upholstery, however, can be easily assembled from corrugated cardboard, as illustrated in Figure 6 myott son & co. hanley .16; the wooden ram or ramrod will prove of value for the final stuffing operation pollard elm . The outside dimensions of the box must be such that it will slide snugly into the finished casing; the over lapping edges are bradded to the top of the workbench, then pried up and clinched antigue wooden bedside chestschests .
Covering the springs verlys holophane . Two layers of cotton batting should be sufficient to cover the springs “art deco” “dining table” french walnut extension . One layer is placed in the loading box and the spring mat laid upon it and wrapped in the cotton wadding,
which has ends protruding far enough so that they call be tucked in antique display . The second layer is laid over the lap in the first layer and tucked around and under “officer’s chair” furniture . The box can now be tied or sealed shut with gummed paper, and the loose edges of edges folded under are tacked to the outside of the arms and over the back mahogany stool . The fabric cover is applied over the muslin in the same manner, except that it is blind-stitched at the back and oil the outer sides of the arms antique henry 2nd breakfast sideboard .
Fic how forks were made . 6 edwardian c19th construction buildings .18 techniques of andre-charles boulle and chinese laquer work . Filling the casing antique library book trough stand .
When the wooden-backed barrel chair is being covered, the same procedure is followed, except that the channels are tacked directly to the staves french oak, “barley twist” chest of drawers . With a close-woven fabric covering, the muslin liner may be omitted, provided the stitches or tacks are closely placed, as in detail B of the drawing wooden antique chamber pot .
Tufted upholstery furniture makers 1920’s french style . Another method of securing padding to a vertical surface is by means of fabric-covered tacks, geometrically sewed or tacked to give the padded surface a quilted effect small shell silver antique dish loop handle . This is an especially popular effect in the head-
4011on to be Teatheredcotton batting tucked in smoothly, feathering where necessary to produce square edges writing desk slanted top 17 th century .
This can be proved to the reader’s s t-
isfaction by an examination of the u
holstered chair shown in the cutaw y
illustration in Figure 6 mahogany hepplewhite table antique .–o jacobean display cabinet . The wood n framework is indicated by (A); the webbing base by (B); (C) is the curled h: *r stuffing; (D) the tempered steel springs tied with eight stout twines in the 8-1-mat tie, and covered with burlap (E);
the second layer of stuffing (F) is sewed to the burlap and in turn covered by a layer of cotton ((;) -, (H) is the outer fabric covering fake ironstone pottery . If muslin liner (1) is added over the cotton layer before the outer fabric is applied, it will be readily apparent that the fundamental procedures in upholstering an overstuffed chair are no different from those employed in the assembly of a removable spring seat secessionist movement furniture .
Filling the casing old german furniture . To insert the padded innersprings into the casing, the latter is stripped on over the closed box and contents, and its rear ends grasped in both hands as pictured in Figure 6 antique pembroke table, floral inlay design .18 german 20th century extending dining table . The ram is inserted inside the box against the padding, with the opposite end butted against the operator’s stomach antique mirror back sideboard 1920’s . A gentle, continuous pressure will push the pad and casing out of the cardboard box antique streamline stapler . The open rear end of the casing can then be closed by hand sewing doulton 1880 beakers .
Channeled Backs rockingham pastille burner . A favorite method of applying upholstery to the concave surfaces of chair backs is by means of a series of radiating, tubular channels or folds which hold the stuffing vertically, as in Figure 6 telescoping dining tables .i9A sideboard turns into dining table . This method is particularly appropriate for the barrel chair described in Chapter 3 (page 232), where the back is concave in two directions art deco game tables . This is another complicated appearing upholstery device that when analyzed step by step is seen to require only simple sewing or tacking techniques neoclassical regency furniture period .
The first step is to divide the chair back with chalk into vertical sectors that radiate bisymmetrically from the center names of art deco furniture makers . Next, the muslin liner and the fabric covering are cut into as many pieces as there are folds or channels to be stuffed,
silver candlesticks worth . welt cord need be no wider than the top and the band of the casing, preferred by some workers requires of the casing is left open for filling arts and crafts liberty of london oak furniture .
3 in queen anne antique dining table . extra in width being allowed for the stuffing, and sufficient length for tackinat the bottom as well as for lapping over the top and tacking to the back of t1-W chair back utensils used in britain for cooking . The two end channels are cut wide enough to reach around the enct, of the arms for tacking to the sides of the frame antique table trestle . Since all the pieces are to be
sewed together, in important buildings in the 17 century in italy . must be allowed for each seam, in addition to the 3 i” 17th century gravy bowls . for stuffing rosewood ant chair .
Fie desserts during 18th century england . lenci pottery wall mask . 6 antique victorian writing table .17 19th century side cabinets . Upholstered furniture and a fireplace make a living room english armorials of the 18th. century .
In an upholstered chair, the muslin liner can be sewed to the chalk line greek designs and motifs ., starting with the middle channel italian inlaid table blue . When both sides of the latter are stitched i place, the bottom can be tacked the filling tamped down and regulated wi an icepick (see page 358) kitchen antique furniture deux corps cupboards . Adjacent seams are sewed and alternate channels fillel until the end folds are filled, stretched around the fronts of the arms, and tack- I to the frames italian inlaid table blue . The top edge can now be stretched down over the top edge of t e frame and tacked to the back antique cassone for sale .
Jul
18
Antique Furniture: Upholstery and Weaving.
July 18, 2009 | Leave a Comment
UPHOLSTERY AND
SEAT WEAVING
IN Mr days of feudalism when the strength of a castle’s walls was the primary consideration, the ladies of the baronkil families who shivered within those cold confines early applied themselves to their needlework 1930’s rectangular drop leaf table cabinet . The resulting tapestries not only hid the rude stone walls of the primitive rooms, but also served to diminish the continuous draughts of cold air antique napoleon plaster coin reliefs . Skilled artisans who were proficient in hanging these draperies in a manner th
insured retention of their shape came to be known and valued as “up-holders (later upholsters) edwardian bookcases .
Although that branch of upholstery that was concerned with the insertion of stuffing or springs under textiles, in order to give the outer fabric a permanent form was practiced by the Egyptians, the craft was slow to infiltrate into Eoglan all later, America william birch sofa . The loose “squab” cushions provided for the backs and sea of chairs during the Jacobean period were later replaced by leather, but for utilit rather than comfort antique liberary stands . It was not until the accession of James I to the throne cf England that the hard, carved furniture of that country gave way to the comforts of padded upholstery antique table with cast iron legs .
UPHOLSTERY
In spite of the small number of tools required in upholstering, many a home craftsman has shied away from this form of furniture finishing because ofthe apparent complexity of the job sofa french 4 legs . As a matter of fact, when analyzed step by stet 0, the upholstering of an overstuffed chair or a sofa is no more complicated or difficu t than any other handicraft project requiring a modicum of care and attention longcase dutch 2009 . One of the best means of self-instruction is to take a screwdriver and a hanlill(r and carefully pry up the tacks, section by section, from an upholstered piece that has reached the stage where it must either be reupholstered or hidden antique empire or regency style mahogany bookcase .
A list of the various upholstering materials required for a variety of jobs appears below antique walnut desk on pillars . The few tools required will be described as their need is encoun tered furniture + small drop leaf table with drawers .
Hassock anglo-indian furniture - thomas hope master chair . A simple upholstery project that will demonstrate several basic principles involves the conversion of a round cheesebox or butter tub into an attractive hassock or skirted vanity stool antique rectangular dropleaf table . A cheesebox constructed to contain a wheel of cheese has the advantage of a standard diameter of z5 in scandinavian art deco furniture . on each end, while the average butter tub when upended presents a bottom of only 13 in antique rococo pedestal table . diameter french tableware antique . Both average some 14 in antique oak pedestal table rectangular with leaves . in height, but the cheesebox will probably need to be reinforced with at least three uprights, and may require a disk of solid stock at its upper (seat) end to hold the necessary tacks how high above a sideboard should a mirror be hung . Either container should be washed with a solution of trisodium phosphate or hot soapy water and thoroughly aired to remove all odors art deco china cabinet . It may be necessary to cut the butter film with benzine or naphtha biedermeier inlaid birch chest .
Rolled edge antique 16th century chestnut spain . The fundamental purpose of upholstery is to cushion the hard surfaces of a seat frame so that no sharp edges can come in contact with the occupant antique drop front desk one drawer and cupboard . A simple method for preventing this unwelcome contact is by means of a hard, tight roll of stuffing around the edges of the frame or seat to be padded antique gateleg drop leaf table with chairs . Such a roll not only softens the sharp edge it covers, but serves as a low retaining wall that prevents the displacement of the padding it surrounds antique kayseri silk carpet pictoral niche .
For the hassock under discussion, a piece of zo- or 12-oz burlap is cut so that it overlaps the round hassock top by about 6 in king george 1v tankard sheffield plate . This is tacked closely around the upper edge of the top of the hassock frame, then rolled back and filled with cotton, or other selected stuffing to form a hard roll that will bulge about Y2 in hepplewhite revival fold over dining table . beyond the seat all the way around, as in Figure 6 emile galle, orchids, 1900 .2 empire hall bench . The roll is closed by firmly tacking the pinched-in edge of the burlap to the top of the seat antique christening flatware .
Fic french word for cabinet . 6 george 11 pad foot dining table .3 bureau furniture . Cross section of upholstery american made ceramic french figurine .
The top can now be filled with stuffing, which should be thick enough to pad out the rolled edges and form a crown in the center cooking utensils used in 1935 . This is covered by a layer of thin burlap, which is tacked down tightly over the edges to the side of the hassock carved oak draw-leaf refectory table . The burlap is then covered with muslin tacked in the same manner mahogany spider leg double flap table . A layer of cotton batting placed under the muslin will provide additional resiliency cumberland action table . A piece of the fabric cover about 24 in figural silver antique candlesticks . in diameter can then be stretched over the padded top and tacked down tightly over the muslin liner, directly under the rolled edge, as illustrated in the cutaway drawing in Figure 6 gillows lancaster talbert .3 william and mary chest of drawers .
Welt mid century decor mahogany rectangle divided tray . A familiar upholstery device use(> to conceal or embellish joints betweei sections of the fabric covering is known as a “welt repaint ceramic lamp .” This is nothing more tha welt cord covered with a section of the same or contrasting material, which sewed or tacked at the seam between (in this case) the top padding and t side upholstery or skirt, as the case may be rococo music . After a piece of covering material
4 or 2 in prohibition parlor clock . wide is folded over the welt cord and closed with a seam, the material
is opened at the seam and the skirt sewed s the outer side of the lower piece, as in Figu,e 6 dressers with shelves on the side .4 antique tile painted in puce .
A pleated skirt can be cut 16 in antique 18c urns . wide
allow for a hem at the bottom, and about i i •
in gateleg drop leaf table cherry cabriol leg . long for the i 5-in glass candlesticks uk . cheesebox seat pottery epergne . Plea s
tacks sewsh-lrl to 7-1″1,5 17ap long
21″ in antique drop leaf table federal period . wide spaced at 13/ -in napoleon empire secretaire . intervals a,e
formed before the lower edge of the welt s
sewed on, and the ends left open antique silver roll top warmer . By turnh the skirt upside down over the padded seat, the other half of the welt seam can be tacked above the tacked edges of the seat fabric so that when the skirt is lowere right side out, all tacks will be concealed victorian hinge topped chests of drawers . After the pleats are adjusted, the oper ing in the skirt can be sewed up floral painted dials thomas of edinburgh .
Instead of a pleated skirt, plain tailored sides can be formed in much the same manner by using a 5o-in japanese imari 18th . piece of the seat fabric 15 in serpentine centre table mahogany . long, over a layer of cotton batting around the circular side of the cheesebox or butter tub painter dufy . The we t is sewed or tacked in place as before and the side fabric carefully “skinned” dos
to form a smooth covering kidney shape dressing table . Its bottom edge is turned under and tacked to tl e bottom of the frame, commencing in the middle, opposite the open ends, whicl are stitched together when the tacking is complete, an the sides smooth ani unwrinkled india epergne . A black cambric disk is cut large enough to cover the bottom, wh
edges are turned under and tacked in place most expensive antique glass vase .
Padding a Removable Seat inlaid biedermeier square coffee table . The simplest form of upholstery is that (f padding the board surface of a footstool etruscan pottery . Since this operation was covered in the description of the sectional stools in Chapter 2 (page 114), it is proposed to examine a webbing job for the seat of the side chair described in the same chapter Unless an unusually thick covering is to be applied, the dimensions of the remov able chair seat frame will provide for an extra -3/1,3 in marinot - acid-etched clear glass bottle and stopper 1934 . all around, which shoull be sufficient small sutherland table . Before the covering operations are started, the outer edges of
should be beveled or chamfered to protect the fabric covering antique directoire desk .
As indicated in Figure 6 18th century french occasional table .5, the seat is springless, so the webbing can be tackel directly to the upper surface of the detachable frame antique oak pedestal table rectangular with leaves . After the positions of the webbing at suitable intervals are determined, the end of the first central long -tudinal strip can be fastened in place french gesso painted 18th century console .
Webbing stretcher james 1 sideboards antiques .
upholstery project is a fundamental operation, upon whose proper application the future durability of the work will depend everest patent for two-seater sofa . The basic principle involved is that the webbing strips must be so stretched and interwoven that they will mutually compensate for single sags, while providing a stable foundation for padding or springs brass mote spoon .
This being the case, the first consideration must be a strong anchorage for all strips at both ends; that is why each one is cut to allow for folding over at the ends lighting art deco/japanese style . The end of a strip is attached to the frame by at least 3 tacks within approximately iY2 in french draw leaf dining table . of the cut end, which is then folded over inward and fastened in place with 4 or more large tacks (depending on the width of the webbing and the softness of the wood), which are driven between the first holding tacks sought after greek pottery . The strip is then carried directly across the frame and tightened with a webbing stretcher, as in Figure 6 marble leos furniture .5 wooden slant front desk antique . It is then tacked, cut, folded over, and fastened with as many tacks as the width will permit putti on dutch delftware .
Webbing stretcher holophane verlys . Whittled from a piece of -1,~,-in austrian empire furniture . scrap 31/–, in antique chippendale coffee table leaves . wide by about 7 in federal desk . Ion,-, a webbing 0 stretcher has 6 small nails driven into its working edge,
0
filed to sharp point-, about i in french bedside table with cabriole legs . lone tin glaze pottery makers . As illustrated, once the sharp points are engaged in the free end of the webbing, the wooden handle is wedged in place to webbing, wedge
the webbing while it is being tacked down with the holding tacks spanish pottery 16th century . The holding free end is then folded over and tacked in place to complete the strand mythological scenes . Once th longitudinal strands of webbing are in place, the lateral pieces are interwovei through alternate strands and fastened firmly, after being stretched antique henry 2nd breakfast sideboard . The webbing is covered with burlap in much the same manner as the webbing was appliec except that no webbing stretcher is used, the burlap being tacked to the woo( surface of the seat frame beyond the webbing, and folded back american empire revival furniture .
Stuffing tableware expensive . To prevent unwelcome contact with the chair a hard roll can b attached to the outside edge of the frame before the stuffing is put on hepplewhite sofa . A >aye
of narrow burlap into which a roll o
stuffing material has been inserted i
folded back upon itself, and tacked down
as shown in Figure 6 antique sutherland coffee table .6 chippendale pinecone . If tow is used
it should be pulled out and rolled betwee
the palms to produce an even roll abou stufflqs Y4 in circular extendable dining table england . thick; rolled webbing can be prof
itably substituted 19th century cutlery pennsylvania dutch . The burlap should b
tacked in such a way that the first, o
lower series of tackheads are even wit
the outside edge of the seat, to insur that the roll itself will pad the edge vintage wooden handled three tined dinner forks .
After the roll is secured, sufficient stuffiing material is placed on the seat to produce a crown effect when the material is pressed down firmly with the hands Whatever stuffing material is selected, it should be pulled out thoroughly to make it even and fluffy antique art deco furniture black lacquer . It is then covered by muslin tacked to the underside of the frame myott son blossom . To stretch this muslin covering tightly, it is held in place by slip or loose tacking at the center of each side, with tacks that are only partly driven in rococo candelabra . Th- antique occassional table drop leaf small . muslin should be turned under at the corners, and retacked after it is stretches, tightly in all directions by stroking and holding as the slip-tacks are removed an replaced campaign chairs furniture .
The stuffing can then be regulated or redistributed evenly by sticking an icepic through the muslin and manipulating it to remove any lumps or humps french art deco walnut club chairs . The oute fabric is tacked to the underside of the frame, over and beyond the muslin english column candlestick creamware .
A Hard Edge Spring Seat european antique rolltop desk 1700’s . The use of springs in upholstery has come to be expected in not only the finest pieces of upholstered work, but also the mediu grades russian empire antiques . Three types of bases may be used under the springs, and expert opinio is divided as to which is the most desirable iron garden kidney bench . Wooden slats, in the early day-before the front and back rails of chairs and sofas were lowered, could be utilize) only with the shallower, cheaper type of springs macassar in paris . Enameled, cone-shaped spring-used with tempered steel webbing provide a satisfactory resiliency, which lasts a long as the anchoring tacks or nails antique white chamber pot . Manufacturers of stout, interlaced webbinn bases that employ deep, double cone-shaped coils, claim that this type of construction affords greater comfort 1820 antique empire mahogany dining table . As an easy transition from the removable seat described in the preceding paragraphs, it is next intended to examine the operation of installing springs in a seat equipped with a webbing base (Figure 6-7) chinese porcelain wall decoration mask history .
0
The webbing is attached to the underside of a wooden frame, which can be of varying depth islamic arts ivory inlaid wood cabinet . The spacing between the webbing strands, however, must be adjusted so that each spring can be centered upon the lap formed by the crossing of the longitudinal and lateral webbing strips markings on antique vase . A frame with inside dimensions of ig in florail inlay antique dresser . by 24 in 16th century english chamber pot ., for example, can house
only six springs 4 to 5 in breakfast serving tables . in diameter camillo marcolini portrait . Therefore, in order to center the springs on the crosswise laps of webbing which is 4 in aantique*display*cabinets*com . wide, the two longitudinal strands must be spaced 3Y2 in antique creamware tankards . apart with their outer edges 3Y4 in chippendale gateleg table . from the inside edges of the long sides of the wooden seat frame kotahya pottery . The three lateral strands can be spaced at equal distance of 3 in 19th century bureau with spiral legs . The folded ends of all strips are fastened with as many tacks as the webbing and framework will accommodate drop leaf table top and folded legs .
The springs are placed in position with the bent-down ends uppermost, in order to protect the stuffing “manual wind watches” “out of fashion” . They are then sewed to the webbing laps with stitching twine by means of a 6-in occasional table . straight, double-pointed upholsterer’s needle japanese 16 century furniture . The stitching is commenced from the bottom, goes through the webbing, over the bottom of the sprint; and back to complete four double loops, the last pair nearest the next spring as in Figure 6 most valuable antique silverware .7 antique dresser with claw feet from 1800 . The stitches should be small in order to prevent undue wear, and the twine knotted, preferably after the last one of each pair of stitches, and certainly after the last of each of the four pairs, to prevent the loosening of all six springs if one stitch should break antique furniture 1800 . When the base consists of wooden cleats, large staples can be driven in to fasten the spring bottoms ruhimann table .
Tying the springs hunting chest french 18th century . After the stability afforded by the base, the most important factor in this type of upholstery is that of the proper tying of the springs british regency furniture . The hempen twine not only holds the springs in an upright position, but also provides
spring
solid support for the burlap covering, which in turn supports the stuffing prohibition style furniture . For
this reason each spring is tied with a minimum of eight knots in four directions thomas sheraton dresser .
Expert tiers employ their own time- and labor-saving methods and reduce the
number of separate pieces of twine to a -minimum original antique type galleys . The amateur upholsterer, how-
ever, will do well to estimate the amount of twine required by means of a rough
rule of thumb, such as multiplying the total dimensions of the frame by I%,
afterwards cutting the individual pieces for lateral, longitudinal, and diagonal
tying, with a minimum allowance of at least 18 in early nineteenth century german desk . at each end for “return ties cedar cassone genoa 16thc .”
In tying built-in springs it is customary to commence operations from the rear lion coffee tables dining antique .
Disregarding individual professional whimsies, the easiest method for the beginn
who is faced with tying six springs in a removable base 3 to 4 in picture frame style american empire . deep is to worl from the top of all but the outermost springs art moderne furniture inlay . The twine is laid across the tops of the three longitudinal springs, for example, with the ends thrust through the centers of the two external springs 1840 wood grained pine wardrobe . One end is knotted approximately 18 in makers of ceramic beehive honey pots . from its free end to a tack (>riven into the edge of the frame next to the spring baroque girandole .
FiG antique drop leaf table hardware . 6 vinyl red 1930’s chair .8 art deco entry door handlesets . Tying springs antique creamware tankards .
A secondary reason for tying springs is to keep them compressed to about two thirds of their expanded height so that the spring action will be limited by, and fall entirely upon, the tying cord french manner . Therefore the spring nearest the tacked end of the twine should be depressed to a height of about 7 in antique round gateleg dining tables ., with its oute, rim compressed to 6 in escritoire chest . before it is fastened to the twine by means of a clove hitch (Figure 6 scottish cabinet antique .8) early meissen figures . The long free end of the twine is then hitched or knotted across the top of the spring to the opposite side, then across to the middle spring, where it is tied with two hitches in such a manner that the tops of the spring are spaced the same distance apart as are their sewed bottoms art deco upholstery . The end of tht twine is looped around a tack driven into the frame oil the opposite side of th frame from the first tack, and the twine tightened to compress the springs properly before the tack is driven home myott son and co hanley est 1880 swing time in england china . A second tack can be added for extra security
As indicated in Figure 6 antique games chest .9, the return ties consist of knots to the outside edges that hold them down to a 6-in antique dresser from 1700 with paw feet . height vintage french lady figurine porcelain .
Jul
17
Resurrected as an outdoor dining table A is a boon to the busy barbeque host or picnic hostess, where self-service is the order of the day breakfast serving tables . When fitted with an old automobile king bolt and thrust bearings, the rotating member will render
king bearings
service antiques pottery made in coimbra . A discarded carriage wheel and axle over which is attached a plywood disk cut out to fit over the hub, makes another efficient Lazy Susan antique imperial furniture . Failing these, a simple spindle and housing as shown in detail A of Figure 3 antique narrow drop leaf table .21 can be assembled by any plumber or local mechanic eugene c deco furniture .
The dimensions given will permit from eight to ten people to be seated, with ample storage on the turntable for main and supplementary dishes 1840s wooden chest .
The table frame can be constructed with 4 in antique drop leaf table with castors . X 4 in dining tables for eight . legs held together with butt-jointed aprons about 7/ inches wide “hunt diederich” woodstock, ny . Wider aprons may have to be cut n rower near their centers to allow knee space antique desks/captain’s davenport .
The 2 in dark silver candelabra . X 4 in antique english peat bucket . crosspieces are double-notched to the aprons and near the r centers in such a way that a block or post can be fastened in the center of t e table to two adjacent crosspieces art craft folding “campaign bed” . If the table is to remain semifixed it would e well to extend this center block to the ground, as a fifth leg for better support •f the axle housing of the turntable or Lazy Susan english ironstone”, staffordshire .
The main table top can be fastened to the aprons and crosspieces with openings for drainage between the boards if desired, after the latter have been temporari y clamped together and sawed into a circle with a 5-ft czechoslovakian quality porcelain . diameter, or any oth r shaped top paper mache plates antique . The turntable can be permanently cleated together and sawed in o a circle whose diameter is 3 ft sheffield silver candelabras . Waterproof plywood can be used for both tab e tops if preferred meissen antique figures .
As shown in detail A, the axle housing consists of a 4- or 5-in antique metal table with leaves . length of ~4 iron pipe stink into the center block or support, surmounted by a pipe flange screwed to the top of the center post louis cube . The axle itself can be cut from a lengdi of Yt-in louis 16th style furniture . rod, threaded to screw into a pipe flange at the top, which is separate 1 from the lower one by one or more washers gothic iron garden seat . The top flange is welded to two it mending plates that are welded along their inner edges and screwed to the ti center cleats of the turntable as shown, or a single piece of iron or steel can e used if available majorelle chair fruitwood . If at some later date the turntable develops a list, four caste s can be screwed to its underside, or inserted into the opposite ends of cleats to lev I up the Lazy Susan pearlware barley . If the dimensions of the table are increased to provide space for from twelve to sixteen people, six or eight casters will be necessary to insu e smooth rotary action for the turntable when it becomes overloaded on one sid In computing the minimum space per person, at least 1:8 in anitque side cabinet . X 18 in islamic influence 18th century . should allowed—but the wider the more comfortable “collecting cowan pottery” .
Octagonal Table Set secretaire abattant emper . An outdoor table seating eight people under an umbrella can have its chairs constructed with tapered seats so that they can be pushed under the table top when not in use how to detect silver cutlery . (Figure 3 ming porcelain .22) antique games cupboard . Top and seats are fastened together with V4-in urns cuttelery boxes . drainage slits so that they can be left outdoors in all weathers victorian renaissance revival credenza sideboard with marble top .
Description
Back legs Front legs Side rails Front stretcher Back cleat
Back (plywood) Top rail Seat slats
To assemble the table it is best to cut one half of a paper pattern so that the mitering or doweling of the aprons into the legs can be accurately measured, as in the diagram in Figure 3 verlys smoke glass .22 kingwood ceramics . It will be found that the aprons will vary in length, somewhat, due to the squareness of the legs art deco furniture in united state . Since the table top is fastened with a 4-in 17th century silver soup tureens . overhang, these variations are of little consequence japanese 16 century furniture . The boards of the table top are fastened Y4 in william 4 teapoy . apart, as indicated british longcase makers .
The chairs are reduced copies of the type of construction used in the tete-a-tete ensemble (page 201) antique leg spindles . The backs can be of single pieces of -YI-in antique furniture sideboard art nouvea . waterproof plywood antic silver vegetables served . As will be noted in the drawing, the seats taper to 13 in george iii chinoiserie library steps c. 1770 - antique . at their fronts so that they will fit underneath the table when not in use drawers bureau federal .
Triangular Tray Stand antique table spiral turned legs . If large brass or aluminum circular trays are part of the household equipment, it is easy to knock together one or more triangular stands on casters that will render useful service as tea tables, miniature buffets, snack bars ii deux, or smoking stands 18th century chippendale dresser .
Lacking such trays, one or more pieces
of Y2- to Y4-in antique wood plate racks . plywood can be out
into circles whose edges can be bouid
28t with chromium or plastic edging qualities of gilt metal . [n place of linoleum, the upper surfaces of these plywood trays can be covered with acid- and alcohol-resistant f(rmica or ‘Micarta antique clerks desk .
The dimensions given below we based on a removable tray of 26-nn 17th century chairs. . diameter meubles wooden antique amsterdam . So long as the triangle De-main rectangular drop leaf tables .-, equilateral, the measuremer ts can be varied to suit any size of troy top “king charles” + flatware .
The legs are ripped into triangles
having upper projections I in vintage wooden armchairs, furniture . lorg glass table antique ceramic legs .
The elementary construction pictured in Figure 3 rockingham china 1848 .23 is devoid of dowels or mortise and tenons for aprons and dowels “19th century italian furniture” . Additional shelf space can be provided by adding a set of cleats halfway up from the stretchers for a triangular piece 
f plywood classic american style porcelain . Holes drilled into the bottoms of the legs for casters insure convenient mobility on a porch floor rococo rosewood bench birds grapes leaves flowers . The stands are no less valuable aids to serving when set on turf, without casters 19 th century brass candle snuffer .
space, such as a compartment in the barbeque fireplace, and when spring clips are screwed to the underside, can be carried complete with stake antique japanese tea table mother of pearl .
Palette Plates tudor rose design waterfall furniture . Another form of assistance to participants of lap suppers or informal outdoor and indoor snacks is a form of plate designed like an artist’s palette antique japanese bedside cabinet . The studio arm type shown in Figure 3 artwork display furniture .25 is one of the handiest, and the oblong type the easiest to construct antique oak drop leaf table with casters .
Band-sawed from i-in paul bruno belgium . material which
is easy to work, two or three depressions can be scooped out with
ing tools or a drill press to form recesses for the various types of
An efficient cup holder is a section of a tin can which has been cut off and screwed to the palette to hold a cup daniel quare barometer for sale or prices realized . The cut off edges should be slit and turned down for Y4 in antique bedroom furniture with fan brass handles . to avoid sharpness; the size, including depth and position of the handle slot, is
Fic gothic wardrobe 19th century . 3 white pedestal desk with top .25 pictures of antiqued cabinets . Palette plate pillars on casters . determined by the style of cup that will
be used chinese famille rose porcelain figure brushwork signature . For glasses whose bottoms are smaller than their rims, a circular hole can be cut into which the glass will fit midway antique heart back chair .
ROLLABOUT FURNITURE
Because most outdoor furniture is left outside for the season, it is often constructed on rather massive lines 18th century marble table . To compensate for this added weight and consequent lack of mobility, wheels are often provided at one end so that the piece can be moved about readily, like a wheelbarrow john widdicomb antique chests .
The heavier types employ wheels cut from 2-in gustavian chairs . material mounted on hardwood or iron axles with suitable washers edwardian c19th construction buildings . Wooden wedges or dowel pegs can be used to keep the wheels from rotating off the ends of their wooden axles; nuts threaded to the iron axles perform the same function furniture imitation stile george ii end tables . Wooden axles offer less friction if impregnated in hot paraffin antique cantagalli pottery .
For medium-weight furniture, Y2-in antique maple dinning table with pull-out leaves . lag screws can be driven through the wheels as axles; plywood disks can be added to cover the countersunk head of the screws yuan muhammadan blue .
Unless laminated construction is employed it is advisable to screw small cleats crosswise, above and below the axle on the inside of solid disk wheels george hepplewhite writing bureau . Laminated members, when properly constructed, are usually more uniform in strength and less apt to change with variations in moisture content josef originals+ballerinas+value . In contrast to the cross-bands in plywood, the grain in all the layers runs parallel, instead of at an angle to its neighbor oriental nouvoux furniture . Disks or laminations of the same species of wood, or of differen species that have the same shrinkage characteristics, of all flat-grained materia with the same moisture content, when glued-up with waterproof glue will exhibL a minimum tendency to change shape antique mahogony drop leaf sofa table .
Side Elevation Front Elevalloa
Fic longton bone china doric . 3 stone china george jones stoke on trent .26 european dining table lion base . Wheeled chair antique 17th century gate leg table .
Wheeled Chair italy spoons that might be antiques . A massive chair, built of standard 2 in berkey & gay american empire furniture . X 6 in types of drop leaf tables . timber stained brown, can be made easy to move about by the addition of wheels to th front legs queen anne antique bureau photo . By locating the wheels in the front, the possibility of sliding or tippin over backward is eliminated biedermeier sofa . Waterproof cushions of sponge rubber set on th slats of the seat and against the horizontal rails, will render this chair a comfortabl spot to while away the outdoor hours furniture inlay made in spain .
The curved back, arms, and triangular front legs can be band-sawed as indicated in Figure 3 george hunzinger chairs .26, or sawed out with a handsaw if left angular antique oval dutch table . Tenons can then be cut in the ends of the back tipper rail with corresponding mortises in the top of the back legs sutherland tables . Undercut mortises are cut in the tenons to receive the wedges, as explained in describing the sawbuck table (page 219) chippendale cutlery urns .
The seat frame is butt-jointed together with the front rail slanted to conform to the vertical edges of the front legs octagon mahogany antique table value . The seat cleats can then be screwed in place 2 in swedish painted desk . down from the top edges of the side rails, and the seat frame spiked or screwed in position from the inside, or bolted from the outside antique dutch west indies jug .
The back top rail is now slid into its mortise and the back lower rail fastened into position masons persian england porcelain . The wedges can then be driven into their mortises to hold the back of the chair together iron and wood refectory tables . The slats are screwed in place at approximately I`Yw-in prudent francois mallard new york . intervals regency mahogany gallery top side table 19th century .
The wheels are made from two sections of 2 in wood with mother of pearl inlay wall art . X 6 in antique store brass tea kettles . stock cleated together oil the inside faces and band-sawed into disks of io%-in antique 2-tier pedestal table . diameters art nouveau austrian artists candlesticks . A Y4-in deco airplane stand . solid rod or iron pipe can be used for an axle, with holes bored near the ends for cotter pins to keep the wheels from rolling off wylie & lochhead ltd . Disks cut from Y4-in mechanical drawings on dressing table . plywood are attached with waterproof glue and screwed to both sides of the wheels as fixed washers chinoiserie french style . The inside disks should be large enough to span the cleats brass coffee table/tray with wooden legs from india . Fiber washers are added to prevent undue friction duncan table claw drop leaf drawer .
At the expenditure of a little more effort in joinery, the side rails can be tenoned in place flush with the front and back legs value of george iii english mahogany gateleg card table? . This will present a more finished appearance and increase the length of the seat slats lacquer carlton house desk .
Rolling Lounge french restoration style . A companion piece to the wheeled chair is the comfortable mobile lounge with its adjustable backrest (Figure 3 modern deco material .27) antique wardrobe ireland 1808 .
Before the box frame is knocked together, the backrest end is ripped as shown in Figure 3 art deco jaguar figure .27, so that the backrest member, 2Y8 in d-form dining table . wide, can be attached by strap hinges to the upper edge of the frame myott son & co hanley est 1880 dinner set .
The front legs and axle housings are screwed to the inside corners of the frame 2/ in india old antique dining table . down from the top edge to allow for the rope springs antique french candelabra . The latter is woven through holes bored approximately 5 in antiquing furniture . apart around the frame, as indicated in the drawing chippendale silver wooden handled .
The backrest supports are separated 2Y2 in antique breakfast tray . from their triangularly sawed pawl ends, by a Y4-in harlequin commde . dowel, and are bolted to the insides of the backrest frame as shown empire side table . A washer should separate the inside surfaces of the supports from the frame, to provide easy movement french chairs black leather .
As indicated in the introduction to this section, the wooden wheels may be of various types of construction antique english oak sideboard grape engraved . To conform to the material of the framework of the lounge, the wheels in this case are cut from i-ys-in famous french clockmakers . stock with a Y4-in square silver candlesticks . reinforcing piece lapped to the inside face antique chests of drawers south wales .
The axle can be an iron or brass rod or pipe, threaded for nuts at both ends, or pierced for a cotter pin near the ends bookcases with stained glass doors . If a i-in furniture designersgerman . dowel is used, it should be drilled near the outer ends for a Y4-in unique or antiquedressing mirror . dowel to hold the wheels on french art deco dining table . In place of metal washers, large disks of Y4-in 19th century apostle spoons . plywood can be used; the outside one when bradded to the outer face of the wheel adds to the decorative effect antique chinese display cabinets black oak .
Mobile Bar period gateleg table . Designed for the serving of liquid refreshment from long bottles, the roving cellarette shown in Figure 3 chippendale antique tables .28 can also deliver tea, coffee, sandwiches,or chafing dish meals on the spot arita porzellan in deutschland kakiemon . Its pushcart handles when unhooked will duty as supports for the side leaves, creating a sturdy serving surface 5 ft 19th century antique hall table . 101
The left-hand upper compartment lid hinges tip as a shelf for cutting fry or making sandwiches 1950 french and german clock and candelabra . Beneath is a shallow drawer for bar spoons, jiggers, sug or silverware antique solid mahogany folding butterfly leg table . The right-hand compartment is ideal for storing an ice-cube c( tamer, chafing dish, or, with a shelf astride the cleats, dishes and cups curule friedrich schinkel . T bottles, tea or coffee containers, sandwich materials, or more dishes can be acco modated in the il-, bottom recess 17th century cooking tools .
escription
TOP (15 in marble side table, brass stand . wide)
Leaves (2)
Sides (13/4′ in bentwood chaise . wide)
Front (37 in gilt metal mounted pier table . high)
Bottom and shelf (13AI in dresser with mirrors & teardrop pulls & ogee bracket . wide) Partition
Compartment bottom (12Y2 in austrian furniture . wic Compartment lid
Lid cleats
Fiddle
Handle supports (18 in quartetto tables . wide) Wheels (3 laminations)
Disks (plywood)
Blocks
Drawer
C)
The top, leaves, sides, handle supports, bottoms, shelves, and partition ire glued and set aside to dry while the material for the wheels is glued together w,th waterproof resin glue designs of arcs and pillars . The grain of the three Y2-in, laminations for each wlvel runs in the same direction all(> tight clamps must be applied so that all surfales are in close contact art nouveau antique drinking cabinet .
NA n hall norfolk .Then dry, the offsets for the wheels are cut out of the front of the sides as indicated in Figure 3 myott son blossom .28 antique drop-leaf end tables . It will prove easier to attach the butt hinges of lie leaves of the top before the latter is screwed to the tops of the sides european antique rolltop desk 1700’s . The bout mm and center shelf can then be fastened in place and the front screwed on cockeral pottery mark . Next he partition and compartment bottom are added arts and crafts antique hall stand .
The handle supports are cut out as shown, and butt-hinged to the sides so that they firmly support the leaves, when open antique table spiral turned legs .